SYSTEM OF COINCIDENCE THEOREMS IN PRODUCT TOPOLOGICAL SPACES AND APPLICATIONS (Ⅰ)

A new notion of finite continuous topological space (in short, FC-space) with out convexity structure was introduced. A new continuous selection theorem was established in FC-spaces. By applying the continuous selection theorem, some new coincidence theorems for two families of set-valued mappings defined on product space of noncompact FC-spaces are proved under much weak assumptions. These results generalize many known results in recent literature. Some applications will be given in a follow-up paper.     

Water Impingement on a Vertical Wall due to Discontinuity Decay Above a Drop

The paper reports experimental data on the height of water impingement on a vertical wall during wave reflection due to discontinuity decay above an even bottom and a bottom drop. It is shown that for a bore type wave with a roller in its head, propagating over finitedepth water, the impingement height is proportional to the initial difference in freesurface level. In the case of a dry bottom in the tail water, this is also true for other types of waves formed during discontinuity decay.     

部分相干像面散斑技术

本文以光的部分相干性理论为指导,讨论了部分相干像面散斑(通常称为白光散斑)技术的关键.其结果可与激光像面散斑媲美.     

Turbulence Energy Distribution in the Stokes Layer

Using the method of matched asymptotic expansions, an analytical solution of the balance equation for turbulence energy is constructed for a shallow basin (sea) in which the fluid depth does not exceed the Stokes layer thickness. In this case, a gradient-viscous balance is established with the turbulent viscosity being balanced mainly by the pressure gradient. It is shown that nonlinear boundary layers attributable to turbulence energy diffusion are formed near the bottom and the free surface (or ice). In the neighborhood of the point of maximum flow velocity (if this maximum is attained inside the flow), a nonlinear internal boundary layer also develops. Outside these layers, the turbulence energy generation is in the first approximation balanced by the energy dissipation. Asymptotic solutions for the boundary layers are constructed.     

Natural-convection heat transfer in a nonuniform finite annulus with concentric heat source

In this paper, the mechanisms of natural-convection heat transfer inside a nonuniform finite annulus have been numerically investigated. The system is actually a streamlined, water-filled latex balloon with a coaxial cylindrical heating element. The balloon can be applied as a local hyperthermia treatment device for the removal of undesirable tissue if sufficiently high temperatures and preferably uniform surface heat fluxes can be maintained. A validated control-volume-based method has been employed to solve the coupled transient three-dimensional transport equations for laminar free convection. The effects of heat-source temperature distributions and device orientations on the heat transfer have been studied. Possible design improvements of this device are discussed.     

空腹式刚架拱桥梁拱节点三维光弹性试验研究

福州市尤溪洲闽江大桥是国内首座在拱肋（圈）上不设立柱和斜撑的空腹式刚架拱桥．作为空腹式刚架拱桥受力关键部位——梁与拱的连接部位，受力及构造复杂．通过三维光弹性试验，研究该梁、拱结合部的内力传递、应力集中、局部应力分布规律，为空腹式刚架拱桥节点设计、施工提供依据．     

部分相干光云纹干涉法测三维位移场

本文提出了一种用部分相干光可同时获得面内位移和离面位移场的云纹干涉法。该法具有装置简单,无需防震,可用于观场测量等特点。文中论述了此法的基本原理,应用波前干涉理论和付里叶光学理论对变形前后波前的干涉、记录和再观进行了分析,导出了计算公式。实现了透射物体和反射物体表面的面内位移分量(U_0,V_(45),U_(90))和离面位移(w)的全场同时测量,典型实验证明,实验值与计算结果符合较好。     

Estimation of partially specified spatial panel data models with random-effects

In this article, we study estimation of a partially specified spatial panel data linear regression with random-effects. Under the conditions of exogenous spatial weighting matrix and exogenous regressors, we give an instrumental variable estimation. Under certain sufficient assumptions, we show that the proposed estimator for the finite dimensional parameter is root-N consistent and asymptotically normally distributed and the proposed estimator for the unknown function is consistent and asymptotically distributed. Consistent estimators for the asymptotic variance-covariance matrices of both the parametric and unknown components are provided. The Monte Carlo simulation results verify our theory and suggest that the approach has some practical value.     

Incompressible fluid flow simulations with flow rate as the sole information at synthetic inflow and outflow boundaries

In numerically simulating heat and mass transport processes in an unconfined domain involving synthetic open (inflow and/or outflow) boundaries, how to properly specify flow conditions at these boundaries can become a challenging issue. In this work, within the context of a pressure‐based finite volume method under an unstructured grid, a solution procedure without the need for explicit specification of flow profiles at any of these boundaries when simulating incompressible fluid flow is proposed and numerically examined. Within this methodology, the flow at any open boundary is not necessarily assumed to be unidirectional or fully developed; indeed, the sole information required is the mass flow rate crossing the boundary. As a result, one can select the specific region of interest to perform simulations, rather than having to artificially increase the flow domain so as to invoke fully developed flow at all open boundaries. This not only greatly reduces computational costs (both in terms of memory requirements and simulation run‐time) but provides the means to engage with flow problems, which otherwise cannot be solved with currently available methods for handling the flow conditions at open boundaries. The proposed methodology is demonstrated by simulating laminar flow of an incompressible fluid in a two‐dimensional planar channel with a 90° T‐branch, a known inflow rate, and flow splits for the two outflow channels. The results obtained by placing the entrance and the two exits at different locations show that the flow behavior predicted is completely unaffected by using a highly truncated domain. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.